國土諾大的瑞典,人口只有九百萬左右,數十年來,曾經接受許多飽受政治動亂之苦的國際難民,從七零年代的智利難民、八零年代的兩伊難民、九零年代的南斯拉夫難民以及近期的敘利亞難民,從其開放的態度可看到人道主義精神的可貴,但是未實際居住在當地之前,我對瑞典人的友善和包容感到欽佩,但是隨著居住久了之後,我漸漸地感受到,難民或者其他移民者,彷彿不是那麼容易融入當地社會,不過因為我自己並沒有在瑞典居住非常久的時間,所以也說不上來那種感覺,更無法用客觀的角度來描述自己的想法。
因此,我貼上一段介紹斯德哥爾摩的影片,裏頭有個片段(42分以後),,是一位伊朗第二代移民者,從他的談話中,我似乎找到我想表達的那種感覺,受訪者說到,”瑞典有對全世界難民最開放的庇護政策,但是難民卻很難融入瑞典社會。......這國家看似對難民非常包容,但是卻很難讓他們為這國家貢獻自己的力量,我的父親有經濟學碩士學位,但是只能在這裡開計程車,我的父母在這邊無法找到與他們專業相符的工作,因為在這國家找工作,若有著一個特別的名字(strange name),將很難找到工作,這是一種隱藏、細微的差別待遇,很難被明確的指出,但是你知道的,確實存在著。”
(We have the most opened immigration policy in the world, but those are becoming
more and more myth. It was that once.
But refugees have a really tough time here in Sweden.......
My father is a perfect example of that, both my parents actually are.
My father has the master degree at economics, and my mother’s in English.
And none of them has gotten the job that they deserved, so my father is a taxi driver.......
If you look at the statistic,
it is much more difficult to get a job if you have a strange name.
But it’s much more hidden and subtle, so it’s hard to, you know, point that.
But it’s there, definitely. )
相較於技術或投資移民者,難民移民者更能真切的感受到人情冷暖,我非常能夠同理他們的感受,雖然我並不是政治闢護者,但是,我似乎能夠感受到他們難以融入這社會的困境。
為了不斷章取義,我把訪問內容打成逐字稿,如下(若有錯誤,煩請告知):
Interviewee:
There are lots of myths about Sweden
that we have the best welfare system in the world.
We have the most opened immigration policy in the world.
But those are becoming more and more myth.
It was that ONCE, but refugees have a really tough time here in Sweden.
It’s getting harder and harder to get in, and once you are in.
It’s getting harder and harder to get the permit to stay.
So lots of people are send back.
Interviewer: Very often the immigration are having the educated background,
and the system isn’t type into this?
Interviewee:
My father is a perfect example of that, both my parents actually are.
My father has the master degree at economics, and my mother’s in English.
And none of them has gotten the job that they deserved,
so my father is a taxi driver,
and i think that Sweden has the highest educated taxi drivers in the world.
So just talk to any taxi driver, and ask them about their lives and histories,
and you’ll hear that, you have surgeons, you have like PhDs,
you have other these people who drive taxis.
There are too much boundaries for people
to actually contribute the way that they want to.
Interviewer: Do you encounter racialism here?
Interviewee: Yeah, definitely, specially with the employment.
If you look at the statistic,
it is much more difficult to get a job if you have a strange name.
But it’s much more hidden and subtle,
so it’s hard to, you know, point that.
But it’s there, definitely.
My parents found for this society in Iran.
They thought their dream would come true when they came here.
I’ve been trying to show a new way
and our parents are really sacrificing everything
that they have to give us a opportunity,
then they’ve did ......, you know. I think I just have to be what I’m talking about.
Be that positive force to try to change, and instead of, you know, been battling or angry.
雖然這是不爭的事實,但是我還是非常欽佩瑞典人對國際難民的接受,從他們國家的政策可看到人饑已饑,人溺己溺的人道精神,這是我還需要多學習的地方。雖然怎麼做,永遠都還會有做不到的地方,但是只要嘗試去努力,就能產生一些正力量,這世界才會有正循環。
攝於 斯德哥爾摩 湖畔
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